Mary Budenbach

Mary Budenbach, a graduate of Smith College and known to all as “Polly,” joined the Navy’s cryptologic organization, OP-20-G, in 1943. Trained as a cryptanalyst, she worked against Japanese naval ciphers during World War II.

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Elizabeth Van Lew

She joined with other Richmond Unionists to create an underground network to hinder the Confederate war effort and give aid and comfort to captured Union soldiers during the United States’ Civil War.

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Lucie Aubrac

Frenchwoman Lucie Aubrac was a Sorbonne graduate, a schoolteacher and a committed Communist. Brought up in rural poverty between the wars, she was also a lifelong résistante against social and political oppression, including four years’ militant opposition to the Nazi Occupation of France.

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