Tin Hinan was the first queen of the Tuareg, a group of Berber clans of obscure origin. Legend states that she led them into the Sahara around 400AD. The Tuareg would later dominate lucrative trade routes across the desert in medieval times.
Lozikeyi was a senior queen of the Ndebele nation until 1893.
Sophia Alekseyevna ruled Russia with a firm hand from 1682 to 1689, as regent for her brother Ivan V and half-brother Peter I.
Her Highness Nawab Sikander Begum Sahiba, Nawab Begum of Dar ul-Iqbal-i-Bhopal, GCSI ruled as the the Nawab of Bhopal from 1860 until her death in 1868.
Shah Jahan Begum GCSI CI was the Begum (ruler) of the princely state of Bhopal in central India for two periods: 1844–60 (with her mother acting as regent), and during 1868–1901.
Queen of Spain from 1833 until 1868.
Monarch of Japan from 707 through 715 CE. Genmei was the fourth of eight women in Japan’s history to take on the role of empress regnant.
Monarch of Japan from 715 through 724. She was the only empress regnant in Japan’s history to have inherited her title from another empress regnant (Empress Genmei), rather than from a man. Genshō was the fifth of eight women to be Japan’s empress regnant.
117th Emperor of Japan, reigning from 1762 until her abdication in 1771.
Monarch of Japan from 686 through 697. Jitō was the third of eight women to take on the role of empress regnant.