Dr Janet Mary Campbell

English doctor Janet Mary Campbell was forced to resign from her civil service job in 1934 when she married, after having worked with departments ranging from the Board of Education (their first full-time woman medical officer), the War Cabinet during World War I and the Ministry of Health.

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Elizabeth Bugie

In 1944, Albert Schatz, Elizabeth Bugie and Selman Waksman published their discovery of streptomycin, yet when Waksman and Schatz patented it, her name was left off the application.

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Trota of Salerno

Trota of Salerno was one of the most well-known physicians of the 12th century and is considered the world’s first gynaecologist.

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Matilda J Clerk

When Matilda J. Clerk wanted to study medicine at Achimota College, her father had to petition the head of the British colonial government, the Governor of the Gold Coast, for a special waiver. She became the first Ghanaian woman with a western medical degree, and she was the only candidate of any gender to pass the first preliminary medical baccalaureate examinations in 1942.

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Andromachi Papanikolaou

While the Pap test is named for Greek pathologist Georgios Papanikolaou, few people acknowledge that it was his wife, Andromachi “Mary” Papanikolaou, who spent more than 20 years having her own cervix scraped on a daily basis to provide the testing materials he needed, in addition to managing his laboratory and recruiting her friends to donate their own samples as well.

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