Kristine Bonnevie

Kristine Bonnevie’s competence as a college professor led to sweeping legal reform in Norway. She was nominated to a professor position in 1910, during a time when Norwegian law prevented women from holding such a position.

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Jean Purdy

Embryologist and nurse Jean Purdy was a key contributor to the work that resulted in the birth of the first IVF (in-vitro fertilisation) baby in 1978.

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Jeanne Dumée

In her 1680 manuscript on Copernican and Galilean theories, astronomer Jeanne Dumée included an apology for writing on a subject considered “too delicate work for persons of her sex.”

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Katharina Kepler

Katharina Kepler became a side character in her own trial for witchcraft in 1615 when her son, the well-known astronomer Johannes Kepler, famously defended her.

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Betty Holberton

In the 1940s, Kathleen Antonelli, Betty Jean Jennings Bartik, Frances “Betty” Holberton, Marlyn Meltzer, Frances Spence, and Ruth Teitelbaum collaborated to program ENIAC, the world’s first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer.

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