In the 1940s, Kathleen Antonelli, Betty Jean Jennings Bartik, Frances “Betty” Holberton, Marlyn Meltzer, Frances Spence, and Ruth Teitelbaum collaborated to program ENIAC, the world’s first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer.
The discovery of Pluto would not have been possible without mathematician Elizabeth Williams.
Estonian-American curriculum reformer
Hilde Mangold’s 1923 dissertation was “one of the very few doctoral theses in biology that have directly resulted in the awarding of a Nobel Prize” but she wasn’t the one who received the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
American chemist
Though a few women had been elected as honorary members, Isis Pogson was the first woman to try to join the Royal Astronomical Society as a fellow. She was admitted almost thirty-five years later, in 1920, after the society finally changed the rules.
Jacoba Felicie was an Italian healer in 1300s France, at a time when restrictions were being placed on who could treat people.
English doctor Janet Mary Campbell was forced to resign from her civil service job in 1934 when she married, after having worked with departments ranging from the Board of Education (their first full-time woman medical officer), the War Cabinet during World War I and the Ministry of Health.
Dutch botanist and geneticist Jantina Tammes was one of only 11 women students at the University of Groningen in 1890, where she was allowed to attend lectures but not take exams, culminating in a teaching diploma rather than a degree in science. She went on to be the first professor of genetics in the Netherlands (of any gender).
Enslaved African-American woman who was medically experimented on